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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Sir Harry Smith's Medal for Gallantry ： ウィキペディア英語版 Sir Harry Smith's Medal for Gallantry In the Colonies and Boer Republics that became South Africa in 1910, several unofficial military decorations and medals were instituted and awarded during the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Sir Harry Smith's Medal for Gallantry is an unofficial military decoration for bravery, awarded for actions following the siege of Fort Cox in December 1850 at the beginning of the 8th Cape Frontier War. The medal was privately instituted in 1851 by Major General Sir Henry George Wakelyn Smith Bt GCB, Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Cape of Good Hope.〔(Online Medals - Medal Encyclopaedia - Sir Harry Smith’s Medal For Gallantry ) (Access date 27 April 2015)〕〔(National Army Museum - Sir Harry Smith Medal for Gallantry 1851, awarded to Paul Arendt ) (Access date 27 April 2015)〕〔 ==The 8th Cape Frontier War== Fort Cox was situated inland from King William's Town. During the unrest in the Eastern Cape in December 1850 that led to the outbreak of the 8th Cape Frontier War, the longest and bloodiest of the frontier wars, Cape of Good Hope Governor Harry Smith travelled to the Fort to meet with prominent Xhosa chiefs. The Fort came under siege from warriors of the Xhosa tribes led by Chief Mgolombane Sandile, who had been declared as deposed and a fugitive by Smith after he refused to attend the meeting outside the Fort.〔〔〔(The South African Military History Society - Military History Journal Vol 3 No 1, June 1974 - Sir Harry Smith, By Andrew L. Harington ) (Access date 27 April 2015)〕〔(The South African Military History Society - Military History Journal Vol 15 No 4, December 2011 - Harry Smith, Henry Somerset and the Siege of Fort Cox, By David Saks ) (Access date 27 April 2015)〕 Fort Cox was not provisioned to withstand a long siege, had no artillery and could only be supplied with water by hazardous expeditions to and from the Keiskamma River far below. Several attempts to relieve the Fort were unsuccessful and Smith, concerned that his being trapped in Fort Cox would affect the Colony's morale and cause the defection of loyal Xhosa tribes, decided to fight his way out. On 31 December 1850, escorted by about 250 men of the Cape Mounted Riflemen which consisted of Khoisan and Coloured men under white officers, Smith succeeded to get through the Xhosa lines and safely reached King William's Town after evading an attempt to stop him at Debe Nek. Fort Cox was finally relieved on 31 January 1851.〔〔〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sir Harry Smith's Medal for Gallantry」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.